EU project SOLCA (2014-2019)

Identifying the drivers of carbonic anhydrase activity in soils and its impact on soil-atmosphere exchanges of CO¹⁸O and COS, two complementary tracers of the global carbon cycle (SOLCA) | 2014-2019

The overall goal of SOLCA is to quantify and understand better the environmental and ecological causes behind the spatial and seasonal variability in Carbonic Anhydrase activity observed in soils from different biomes. As a result of this project we will be able to construct the necessary theoretical and modelling framework for using CO¹⁸O and COS as additional tracers of global CO₂ gross fluxes. This ground-breaking achievement will lead to a revised and well-constrained estimate of photosynthetic uptake of the terrestrial biosphere at the global scale.

Project organisation

To acheive the overall goal the project is organised into 5 main goals:

WP1: characterising the environmental drivers of carbonic anhydrase activity in soils

To tease apart the roles of different drivers on carbonic anhydrase activity the SOLCA team has been building a laboratory that can measure the exchange of ¹³CO₂, CO¹⁸O and COS between soils and the atmosphere.  We have already developed a novel technique that allows us to determine both the activity of carbonic anhydrase in soil samples and the oxygen isotope composition of the water pools that CO₂ has exchanged with, without the need to cryogenically extract water from the soil samples. Our next steps are to quantify the effects of pH and water stress on enzyme activity.

Climate controlled gas exchange facility for soil cryptogam mesocosm experiments.

WP2: characterising the link between soil community structure and carbonic anhydrase activity in soils

In each of the soils characterised for COS and CO¹⁸O uptake we are quantifying the relative abundance and community structure of soil bacteria, fungi and algae. Using our climate controlled chambers above we will also characterise the soil community response to moisture and temperature variations in an attempt to quantify precisely how soil CA activity varies for different soil types and identify whether there are key members in the soil community that are associated to high CA activities.

WP3: characterising the variability of carbonic anhydrase across biomes

As well as laboratory measurements we will make in situ CO¹⁸O soil chamber measurements in a range of ecosystems spanning the major biomes of the world. Most of this spatial characterisation will be focused within Europe however, there are also plans to visit tropical and sub-tropical sites outside Europe and particularly Brazil and French Guyane. This will provide a unique dataset that can be used to benchmark multi-tracer land surface models.

SOLCA team member Aurore preparing the publication of her pan-european soil COS study

WP4: modelling the impact of soil carbonic anhydrase activity on CO¹⁸O and COS fluxes at large scales

Results from the laboratory climate-controlled experiments and field work are already being combined to consolidate our theoretical knowledge of COS and CO¹⁸O exchange between soils and the atmosphere. The SOLCA team have just published a new mechanistic model describing the environmental controls on COS soil gas exchange and how these relationships vary with carbonic anhydrase activity. We are now in the process of implementing these processes into the ecosystem model MuSICA and validating it against a state-of-the-art ecosystem dataset collected by collaborators at the University of Harvard, USA above a mixed temperate forest.  We are also using our experimental findings to improve the isotope-enabled global land surface model, MECBETH. This will allow us to test the implications of our new theoretical understanding on the COS and CO¹⁸O concentrations of the atmosphere.

WP5: constraining estimates of photosynthetic activity at the global scale

The culmination of all our novel experimental findings and models will be used to constrain our global scale estimates of how much CO₂ is exchanged between soils, plants and the atmosphere.

Project ERC team

The ERC SOLCA team has brought together a group of talented young researchers and engineers from across the world:

• Dr Samuel Jones (Research Fellow)
• Dr Aurore Kaisermann (Alumni Research Fellow)
• Dr Thomas Launois (Alumni Research Fellow)
• Mr Steven Wohl (Engineer)
• Ms Joana Sauze (Alumni PhD candidate)
• Mr Bastien Frejaville (Alumni Technician)
• Noelia Fernandez (Alumni Engineer)
• Ana Gutierrez (Alumni Technician)
• Noelia Saavedra (Alumni Engineer)
• Juliette Maire (Alumni Engineer)
• Evert Van-Schaik (Research Engineer)

The ERC SOLCA team also benefits from working closely and continuously with researchers and engineers working in Bordeaux :

• Dr Jerome Ogee (INRA)
• Dr Teresa Gimeno (Marie Sklowdoski Curie Fellow)
• Dr Alexandre Bosc (INRA)
• Mr Regis Burlett (PhD candidate)
• Dr Adria Barbeta (Bordeaux Idex Fellow)

Project partners

The project involves close co-operation between the SOLCA team and three important external partners:

• Dr Bernard Genty at the CEA/CNRS UMR 7265 BVME will bring the necessary expertise in plant physiology and biophysics
• Dr Pierre-Alain Maron and Dr Samuel Mondy at the INRA UMR 1347 AgroEcologie will bring the necessary expertise in soil microbial ecology and genetics
• Dr Matthias Cuntz at the INRA UMR EEF Nancy will bring the necessary expertise in global scale modelling

The project also works closely with the INRA GENOSOL platform based in Dijon.

Project collaborators

The project has fostered a number of exciting and new collaborations whilst it has been running:

• Dr Laura Meredith at the University of Arizona, Arizona, USA
• Dr Mary Whelan at the Carnegie Institute of Science, Stanford, USA
• Dr Rick Wehr jointly affiliated to the University of Arizona and Harvard University, USA
• Dr Roisin Commane at Harvard University, USA
• Dr Olivier Crouzet at INRA Versailles, France
• Dr Eun Hea Jho at the Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Soeul, South Korea part of the ERC/South Korea Exchange Program
• Dr Jason West from Texas A&M, Texas, USA as part of a Fulbright Exchange Program

The SOLCA team are also active participants of the COSANOVA working group.

COSANOVISTS at the 2018 EGU splinter meeting proudly showing off their new COS/OCS mugs

Next meeting of the COSANOVA group will be at AGU 2018.

Publications and communications

Peer-reviewed articles

Launois, T., Peylin, P., Belviso, S. & Poulter, B. (2015) A new model of the global biogeochemical cycle of carbonyl sulfide – Part 2: Use of carbonyl sulfide to constrain gross primary productivity in current vegetation models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15, 9285-9312.

Gangi L., Rothfuss Y., Ogée J., Wingate L., Vereecken H., Brüggemann N. (2015) A new method for in situ measurements of delta-¹⁸O of soil water and CO₂ with high time resolution. Vadose Zone Journal, 14(8), doi:10.2136/vzj2014.11.0169. 

Ogée J., Sauze J., Kesselmeier J., Genty B., Van Diest H., Launois T., Wingate L. (2015) A new mechanistic framework to predict OCS fluxes from soils. Biogeosciences, 12, 15687-15736, doi:10.5194/bgd-12-15687-2015. 

Campbell E., Berry J., Seibt U., Smith S.J., Montzka S.A., Launois T., Belviso, S., Bopp, L. & Laine, M. (2017) Large historical growth in global terrestrial gross primary production. Nature, doi:10.1038/nature22030

Gimeno, T., Royles, J., Ogée, J, Wohl, S., Jones, S., Sauze, J., West, J., Burlett, R., Griffiths, H. & Wingate, L. (2017) Bryophyte gas-exchange dynamics along varying hydration status reveal significant COS emission in the light. New Phytologist.

Sauze, J., Ogée, J, Maron, P.-A., Nowak, V., Wohl, S., Kaisermann, A., Jones, S.P., Crouzet, O. & Wingate, L. (2017) The interaction of soil phototrophs and fungi with pH and their impact on soil CO₂, CO¹⁸O and COS exchange. Soil Biology and Biochemistry

Jones, S., Ogée, J, Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Saavedra, N., Fernandez-Prado, N., Maire, J., Launois, T., Bosc, A., & Wingate, L. (2017) Non-destructive estimates of soil carbonic anhydrase activity and soil water oxygen isotope composition. Hydrology & Earth System Science 

Sauze, J., Jones, S., Wingate, L., Wohl, S. & Ogée, J. (2018) The role of soil pH on soil carbonic anhydrase activity. Biogeosciences

Whelan, M., Lennartz, S., Gimeno, T., Wehr, R., Wohlfahrt, G., Wang, Y., Kooijmans, L., Hilton, T., Belviso, S., Peylin, P., Commane, R., Sun, W., Chen, H., Kuai, L., Mammarella, I., Maseyk, K., Berkelhammer, M., Li, K-F., Yakir, D., Zumkehr, A., Katayama, Y., Ogée, J., Speilmann, F., Kitz, F., Rastogi, B., Kesselmeier, J., Marshall, J., Erkkila, K-M., Wingate, L., Meredith, L., He, W., Bunk, R., Launois, T., Vesala, T., Schmidt, J., Fichot, C., Seibt, U., Saleska, S., Saltzman, E., Montzka, S, Berry, J. & Campbell, J.E. (2018) Reviews and Syntheses: Carbonyl sulfide as a multi-scale tracer for carbon and water cycles. Biogeosciences, 15: 3625-3657. 

Meredith, L,  Boye, K.,  Youngerman, C., Whelan, M., Ogée, J, Sauze, J. & Wingate, L.  (2018) Coupled biological and abiotic mechanisms driving carbonyl sulfide production in soils. Soil Systems, 2(3), 37.

Stumpp, C., Brüggemann, N & Wingate, L (2018) Stable isotope approaches in vadose zone research. Vadose Zone Journal 17:180096. doi:10.2136/vzj2018.05.0096

Kaisermann, A., Ogée, J., Sauze, J., Wohl, S. Jones, S.P., Gutierrez, A., & Wingate, L. (2018) Disentangling the rates of carbonyl sulphide (COS) production and consumption and their dependency with soil properties across biomes and land use. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions

Ogée, J, Genty, B. & Wingate, L. (2018) Re-visiting the role of carbonic anhydrase activity on the CO¹⁸O discrimination during photosynthesis. Plant Physiology, doi.org/10.1104/pp.17.01031.

Meredith, L, Ogée, J, Boye, K., Singer, E., Wingate, L., von Sperber, C., Sengupta, A., Whelan, M., Pang, E., Keiluweit, M., Brüggemann, N., Berry, J.A. & Welander, P.V. (2018) Soil exchange rates of COS & CO¹⁸O shift with the diversity of microbial communities and their carbonic anhydrase enzymes. ISME, doi.org/10.1038/s41396-018-0270-2

Kaisermann, A., Jones, S.P., Wohl, S., Ogée, J,  & Wingate, L. (2018) Nitrogen Fertilization Reduces the Capacity of Soils to take up Atmospheric Carbonyl Sulphide. Soil Systems 2 (4), 62 doi.org/10.3390/soilsystems2040062 also archived at Preprints 2018, 2018080479 (doi: 10.20944/preprints201808.0479.v1).

Gimeno, T., Saavedra-Berlanga, N., Ogée, J., Medlyn, B.E. & Wingate, L. (2019) Testing for non-stomatal limitations to optimisation behaviour under drought on contrasting plant functional types. Journal of Experimental Botany Vol 7, Issue 5, 1639-1651 https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erz020

Barbeta, A., Jones, S., Clavé, L., Wingate, L., Gimeno, T.E., Fréjaville, B., Wohl, S. & Ogée, J. (2019) Unexplained hydrogen isotopic offsets complicate the identification and quantification of tree water sources in a riparian forest. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2129-2019

Hirl, R., Schnyder, H., Ostler, U., Schäufele, R., Schleip, I., Vetter, S., Auserwald, K., Baca Cabrera, J.C., Wingate, L., Barbour, M. & Ogée, J. (2019) The ¹⁸O-ecohydrology of a grassland ecosystem – predictions and observations. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2581-2019

Djemiel, C., Plassard, D., Terrat, S., Crouzet, O., Sauze, J., Mondy, S., Nowak, V., Wingate, L., Ogée, J & Maron, P.-A. (in prep) μgreen-db: a reference database of the plastidial 23S rRNA gene of photosynthetic eukaryotic algae and cyanobacteria. Molecular Ecology Resources

Outreach Media

SOLCA featured in the Spring 2018 edition of ideas

The SOLCA team organised an Earth system symposium in Bordeaux

Group photo of participants at the Earth Science symposium in Bordeaux March 2018

Communications at international conferences and laboratories

• Wingate, L. Developing COS as a tracer of photosynthesis: from enzyme to Earth system. Gordon Research Conference CO₂ Assimilation in Plants from Genome to Biome, 10^th-14^th June, 2019 (invited)
• Jones, S., Kaisermann, A., Ogée, J., Wohl, S., Cheesman, A., Cernusak, L., Lloyd, J., Wingate, L. Controls on the rate of oxygen isotope exchange between soil waters and carbon dioxide Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 21, EGU2019-5548, Vienna, Austria, 7-12^th April 2018
• Barbeta, A., Burlett, R., Bakouri, K., Fréjaville, B., Jones, S., Wingate, L., Gimeno, T.E., Clavé, L., Delvigne, C., Wohl, S., Devert, N., Ogée, J., Isotopic heterogeneity in woody stems revealed by a new water extraction technique. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 21, EGU2019-14954, Vienna, Austria, 7-12^th April 2018
• Ogée, J., Wingate, L., Cuntz, M., Jones, S., Meredith, L., Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Kaisermann, A., Launois, T., Genty, B.  New estimates of global land photosynthesis using updated theories of CO2-H2O oxygen isotope exchange rates in land water pools. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 21, EGU2019-16026, Vienna, Austria, 7-12^th April 2018
• Wingate, L., Ogée, J., Kaisermann, A., Sauze, J., Jones, S., Wohl, S., Meredith, L., Whelan, M., Launois, T., Cuntz, M. Scaling the fluxes of carbonyl sulphide (COS) between soils and the atmosphere from the microcosm to the globe. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 21, EGU2019-5653, Vienna, Austria, 7-12^th April 2018
• Wingate, L., Kaisermann, A., Jones, S., Sauze, J., Meredith, L., Whelan, M., Wohl, S., Launois, T., Cuntz, M., Ogée, J. Estimating the global flux of carbonyl sulphide (COS) between soils and the atmosphere: the key role of soil nitrogen. University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden, 22nd January 2019 (invited)
• Barbeta, A., Gimeno, T., Clavé, L., Jones, S., Wingate, L., Frejaville, B, Ogée, J. Fractionation of δ²H during root water uptake is linked to plant transpiration in saplings of a temperate tree species American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, Washington, USA, 10th-14th December 2018
• Wingate, L., Kaisermann, A., Jones, S., Sauze, J., Meredith, L., Whelan, M., Wohl, S., Launois, T., Cuntz, M., Ogée, J. Estimating the global flux of carbonyl sulphide (COS) between soils and the atmosphere: the key role of soil nitrogen. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, Washington, USA, 10th-14th December 2018
• Wingate, L, Promoting frontier Earth system research and female role models using dedicated geoscience symposiums. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, Washington, USA, 10th-14th December 2018
• Wingate, L., Meredith, L., Singer, E., Kaisermann, A.,  Boye, K., Welander, P., Jones, S., Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Whelan, M., Ogée, J. From enzyme to Earth system: linking soil community function and composition to constrain the magnitude of the terrestrial biosphere CO2 sink. International Phytobiome Conference, Montpellier, France, 4-6th December, 2018 (invited)
• Kaisermann, A., Ogée, J., Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Jones, S., Gutierrez, A. & Wingate, L. Disentangling the rates of carbonyl sulphide (COS) production and consumption and their drivers in soils. ISME17, Leipzig, Germany, 12-17^th August 2018
• Kaisermann, A., Ogée, J., Wingate, L. Disentangling the rates of carbonyl sulphide (COS) production and consumption and their dependency with soil properties across biomes and land use types. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 20, EGU2018-13199, Vienna, France, 9-13^th April 2018
• Barbeta, A., Jones, S., Clavé, L., Fréjaville, B., Wingate, L. & Ogée, J. Ecohydrological study of a refugial Fagus sylvatica population using stable isotopes Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 20, EGU2018-18983, Vienna, France, 9-13^th April 2018
• Wingate, L, Launois, T., Cuntz, M., Meredith, L., Sauze, J., Jones, S., Wohl, S., Kaisermann, A., & Ogée, J., A novel CO¹⁸O dataset and modelling framework to constrain estimates of photosynthesis at the global scale. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 20, EGU2018-6098, Vienna, France, 9-13^th April 2018
• Wingate, L, Promoting frontier Earth system research and female role models using dedicated geoscience symposiums. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 20, EGU2018-5132, Vienna, France, 9-13^th April 2018 (invited)
• Wingate, L.  Using novel approaches to estimate the strength of the biosphere CO2 sink. From the deep past to the Anthropocene: coupling Earth system function to climatic change, CREAF, Barcelona, 14^th March 2018 (invited)
• Wingate, L.  Using novel approaches to estimate the strength of the biosphere CO2 sink. From the deep past to the Anthropocene: coupling Earth system function to climatic change, Talence, France, 9^th March 2018 (invited)
• Wingate, L., The SOLCA ERC project: a personal reflection on perseverance. ERC information and networking event. Talence, France, 7^th March 2018 (invited)
• Jones, S., Ogée, J., Sauze, J., Kaisermann, A., Launois, T., Wohl, S. & Wingate, L The impact of soil pH on carbonic anhydrase activity and atmospheric concentrations of CO¹⁸O. Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany, 25th January 2018 (invited)
• Wingate, L, Ogée, J., Sauze, J., Kaisermann, A., Meredith, L., Wohl, S.,  Jones, S., Launois, T., & Cuntz, M. Linking variations in soil-atmosphere COS exchange to soil community structure. INRA UMR Interaction Arbes-Micororganismes, Nancy, 23^rd November 2017
• Wingate, L, Ogée, J., Launois, T., Sauze, J., Jones, S., Kaisermann, A., Wohl, S., Meredith, L. & Cuntz, M. The impact of microbial carbonic anhydrase activity on atmospheric concentrations of CO¹⁸O and COS at large scales. The 10th International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Interlaken, Switzerland, 24^th August 2017
• Hilton, T.W., Whelan, M.E., Zumkher, A., Kulkarni, S., Berry, J., Baker, I.T., Montzka, S.A., Sweeney, C., Miller, B.R., Seibt, U., Smith, S.J., Launois, T., Belviso, S., Bopp, L., Laine, M., Campbell, J.E. Carbonyl sulphide constrains regional GPP spatial placement and industrial era global GPP historical trends. The 10th International Carbon Dioxide Conference, Interlaken, Switzerland, 24^th August 2017
• West, J., Ogée, J., Burlett, R., Gimeno, T., Genty, B., Jones, S., Wohl, S., Bosc, A., Cochet, Y., Domec, J.C. & Wingate, L. Partitioning internal diffusion resistances and CO2 isotope exchange in leaves. Proceedings of the annual meeting of the Ecological Society of America (ESA), Portland, Oregon, 6^th-11^th Aug 2017
• Likiliki, E., Gimeno, T., Ogée, J. & Wingate, L. Acclimation and seasonal coupling of photosynthesis, respiration and carbonyl sulfide exchange in bryophytes. XXI Simposio de botánica criptogámica, Aranjuez, 20^th-24^th June, 2017
• Ogée, J., Genty, B. & Wingate, L. Revisiting the role of carbonic anhydrase activity on the CO¹⁸O discrimination during leaf photosynthesis. Gordon Research Conference, CO₂ Assimilation in plants from genome to biome. Barga, Italy 1^st-5^th May 2017
• Gimeno, T., Ogée, J. & Wingate, L. Estimating the contribution of bryophytes to the atmospheric COS budget. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 19, EGU2017-13117, Vienna, Austria, 26^th April 2017
• Wingate, L & Gimeno, T. Using novel approaches to estimate the CO₂ sink strength of the terrestrial biosphere. Fédération de recherché biologie intégrative et écologie, Bordeaux, France, 17^th Feb 2017 (invited)
• Gimeno, T., Ogée, J., Royles, J., Gibon, Y., West, J., Burlett, R., Jones, S., Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Bernard, C., Genty, B. & Wingate, L. Bryophyte gas exchange dynamics reveal a significant COS sink in the dark and source in the light. XIV Medecos & XIII AEET Spanish Ecology Meeting, Sevilla, Spain, 2^nd, Feb 2017
• Wingate, L. Developing multi-tracer bridges to tackle Earth system puzzles. Earth System Science Symposium. University of Zurich 30^th, Jan 2017 (invited)
• Campbell, E., Berry, J., Seibt, U., Smith, S.J., Montzka, S.A., Launois, T., Belviso, S., Bopp, L.  Constraining CMIP5 simulations of gross carbon fluxes with atmospheric carbonyl sulfide. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, USA, 12^th-16^th Dec 2016
• He, W., Peters, W., Ju, W., van der Welde, I, Chen, H., Baker, I.T., Andrews, A.E, Campbell, E., Zhang, Y., Suntharalingam, P., Launois, T. & Montzka, S.A. Constraining gross primary production and ecosystem respiration estimates for North America using atmospheric observations of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) and CO₂. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, USA, 12^th-16^th Dec 2016
• West, J., Ogée, J., Burlett, R., Gimeno, T., Genty, B., Jones, S., Wohl, S., Bosc, A., Cochet, Y., Domec, J.C. & Wingate, L. Towards improved quantification of internal diffusion resistances and CO₂ isotope exchange in leaves. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, USA, 12^th-16^th Dec 2016
• Kaisermann, A., Ogée, J., Wohl, S. & Wingate, L. Plant species influence soil carbonyl sulfide fluxes. British Ecological Society, Liverpool, UK 12^th-15^th Dec 2016
• Jones, S., Sauze, J., Ogée, J., Wohl, S., Bosc, A. & Wingate, L. An approach to non-dstructively measure soil carbonic anhydrase activity and soil water d¹⁸O. British Ecological Society, Liverpool, UK 12^th-15^th Dec 2016
• Wingate, L L’impact de l’anhydrase carbonique sur les concentrations atmosphériques globales de CO¹⁸O et COS. Après-midi scientifique de la Société française des isotopes. Muséum national d’histoire naturelle, Paris France 7^th Dec 2016 (invited)
• Wingate, L Using novel approaches to estimate the strength of the terrestrial biosphere CO₂ sink. Université of Laval, Quebec Canada 17^th Nov 2016 (invited)
• Wingate L. The impact of carbonic anhydrase on the atmospheric concentrations of CO¹⁸O and COS at large scales. Global Change Seminar Series. University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK 27^th October 2016 (invited)
• Meredith, L.  Singer, E., Boye, K., Wingate, L. Ogee, J., Sengupta, A., Whelan, M., von Sperber, C., Brugemann, N., Berry, J. & Welander, P. Microbial, physical and chemical drivers of COS and ¹⁸O-CO₂ exchange in soils, ISME-International Society for Microbial Ecology Conference, Montreal, Canada, 25^th August 2016
• Gimeno, T., Royles, J., Ogée, J., Jones, S., Burlett, R., West, J., Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Genty, B., Griffiths, H., & Wingate, L. Bryophyte gas-exchange dynamics along varying hydration status reveal significant COS emission in the light. 17^th International Congress on Photosynthesis Research, Maastricht, Netherlands, 7^th -12^th Aug 2016
• Gimeno, T., Royles, J., Ogée, J., Jones, S., Burlett, R., West, J., Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Genty, B., Griffiths, H., & Wingate, L. Bryophyte gas-exchange dynamics along varying hydration status reveal significant COS emission in the light. The biosphere-atmosphere exchange and global budget of carbonyl sulfide workshop, Hyytiala, Finland, 5^th September 2016
• Meredith, L., Singer, E., Boye, K., Whelan, M., von Sperber, C., Pang, E., Wingate, L. Ogée, J., Berry, J. & Welander, P. Microbial, physical and chemical drivers of COS and ¹⁸O-CO₂ exchange in soils. 16^th International Symposium on Microbial Ecology, Montreal, 21-26^th Aug 2016
• Wingate L. Devoloping multi-tracer approaches to constrain critical zone processes in land surface models. Soil Resources Symposium. ETH, Zurich, Switzerland 7^th July 2016 (invited)
• Launois, T., Ogée, J., Commane, R., Wehr, R., Meredith, L., Munger, B., Nelson, D., Saleska, S., Wofsy, S., Zahniser, M. & Wingate, L. Modelling the impact of soil Carbonic Anhydrase on the net ecosystem exchange of OCS at Harvard forest using the M Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 18, EGU2016-993-2, Vienna, Austria, 17^th -22^nd April 2016
• Gimeno, T., Royles, J., Ogée, J., Jones, S., Burlett, R., West, J., Sauze, J., Wohl, S., Genty, B., Griffiths, H., & Wingate, L. Investigating the impact of light and water status on the exchange of COS, ¹³CO₂, CO¹⁸O and H₂¹⁸O from bryophytes. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 18, EGU2016-12692, Vienna, Austria, 17^th -22^nd April 2016
• Jones, S., Sauze, J., Ogée, J., Wohl, S., Bosc, A. & Wingate, L. Non-destructive measurement of carbonic anhydrase activity and the oxygen isotope composition of soil water. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 18, EGU2016-787, Vienna, Austria, 17^th -22^nd April 2016
• West, J., Ogée, J., Burlett, R., Gimeno, T., Genty, B., Jones, S., Wohl, S., Bosc, A. & Wingate, L. A new approach to quantifying internal diffusion resistances and CO₂ isotope exchange in leaves. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 18, EGU2016-16367, Vienna, Austria, 17^th -22^nd April 2016
• Launois, T., Peylin, P., Belviso, S., Bopp, L., Ogée, J., Wingate, L. & Cuntz, M. A mechanistic description of the global COS cycle consistent with atmospheric measurements and its potential to evaluate gross primary production of vegetation models. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 18, EGU2016-14926, Vienna, Austria, 17^th -22^nd April 2016
• Ogée, J., Wehr, R., Commane, R., Launois, T., Meredith, L., Munger, B., Nelson, D., Saleska, S., Zahniser, M. Wofsy, S. & Wingate, L. Developing multi-tracer approaches to constrain the parameterisation of leaf and soil CO₂ and H₂O exchange in land surface models. Geophysical Research Abstracts, Vol. 18, EGU2016-16764, Vienna, Austria, 17^th -22^nd April 2016
• Wingate L. Devoloping multi-tracer theory to constrain soil processes in land surface models. Soil processes and climate models. Inaugral workshop for the International Soil Modelling Consortium, Austin, Texas, USA 29^th March-1^st April 2016 (invited)
• Ogée J., Sauze J., Kesselmeier J., Genty G., Whelan M., Van Diest H., Launois T. & Wingate L. (2015) A new mechanistic framework to predict OCS fluxes from soils. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, USA, 14^th-18^th December 2015
• Wingate L., Wehr R., Commane R., Ogée J. Sauze J., Jones S., Launois T., Wohl S., Whelan M., Meredith L., Genty B., Gimeno T., Kesselmeier J., Bosc A., Cuntz M., Munger B., Nelson D., Saleska S., Wofsy S. & Zahniser M. The impact of Carbonic Anhydrase on the partitioning of leaf and soil CO¹⁸O and COS gas exchange across scales. American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting, San Francisco, California, USA, 14^th-18^th December 2015. (invited)
• Wingate L. Investigating the impact of Carbonic Anhydrase on the atmospheric concentrations of CO¹⁸O and COS across scales. 8^ème journée thématique de l’Observatoire Aquitain des Sciences de l’Univers, Bordeaux, France, 19^th November 2015 (invited)
• Jones, S., Sauze, J., Ogée, J., Wohl, S. & Wingate, L. Simultaneous and non-destructive measurement of soil surface water d18O and carbonic anhydrase activity. Thermo Scientific IRMS Users Meeting, Nantes, Bordeaux, France, 26^th-27^th Nov. 2015 (invited)
• Ogée J., Wingate L., Bosc A. & Burlett R. (2015) Seasonal variations in soil carbonic anhydrase activity in a pine forest ecosystem as inferred from soil CO18O flux measurements. European Geophysical Union (EGU) Annual Meeting, Vienna, Austria, 13th-17th April 2015
• Sauze J., Ogée J., Launois T., Van Diest H., Kesselmeier J. & Wingate L. (2015) A new mechanistic framework to predict OCS fluxes in soils. European Geophysical Union (EGU) Annual Meeting, Vienna, Austria, 13th-17th April 2015
• Wingate L. Impact of microbial carbonic anhydrase on the atmospheric concentrations of CO¹⁸O and COS at large scales. Joint meeting of the British Ecological Society’s Plants, Soils, Ecosystems and Plant Environmental Physiology special interest groups: Carbon cycling: from plants to ecosystems, University of Manchester 16^th-17^th October 2014 (invited)
• Wingate, L. Impact of ecosystems on the atmospheric concentrations of CO¹⁸O and COS at different scales. LabEX CÔTE International Summer School “Transfer and interactions between ecosystems”, Bordeaux 16^th-20^th June 2014 (invited)

The SOLCA project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Seventh framework programme (FP7/2007-2013)  Starting Grant Agreement no. 388264.